Ingot casting apparatus



W.- A. SAYLOR INGOT CASTING APPARATUS Filed June 8, 1944 July l2, 1949.

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'Patented July 12, 1949 INGOT CASTING APPARATUS Wilbur Alan Saylor,Ontario, Calif., assigner to Kaiser Company, Inc., Oakland, Calif., acorporation of Nevada Application June 8, 1944. Serial No. 539,297 6Claims. (Cl. 22-134) This invention relates, in general, to ingotcasting apparatus, and has particular relation to improvements in thebottom pouring of metal ingots.

In the manufacture of steel or the like, the metal usually leaves themill in the form of an ingot or casting'from which the final product isformed, for example, by the process of rolling. The manner in which theingot molds are filled has an important influence on'the ingot and onthe iinalproduct. Pouring vwhich splashes the metal on the sides of themold, where it solidifies, produces imperfections in the surface of theingot, which persist'and appear asso-called snakes or the like afterrolling.

With a view to reducing splashing, bottom pouring has been employed.However, in the bottom pouring of the ingots the pressure or force forfilling the molds from the bottom causes the molten metal to rush upfrom the runner or the like through the nozzle or other riser, and tospray into-the molds in fountain fashion. As a result, the metalsplashes against the sides of the ingot molds where it `solidiiies andproduces harmful effects, as set forth.

One of the main objects of the present invention is to provide in ingotcasting apparatus of the class wherein a runner or the like is providedwith an outlet for delivering molten metal into the mold from thebottom, the combination with suchA apparatus of baille means fordeflecting the molten metal as it enters the mold to prevent l splashingand its. deleterious effects; also baille meanswhich will permit themolten metal to enter the mold at full velocity or any other desiredspeed, instead of being dribbled into the mold to form a bottom cushionbefore permittingfull flow of the molten metal.

Another object of the inventionis to provide baille means of the classdescribedv which is of simple, improved and inexpensive construction;also, baille means that can be applied to existing bottom castingapparatus and rwhich is adapted effectively to accomplish the desiredresults.

Another object of the invention is to provide baille means of the classdescribed wherein said baille means is formed of metal which is notimmediately melted by the molten metal but is subsequently fused intothe ingot as pouring proceeds.

Further objects and advantages of the inven tion will become apparentfrom the following detailed description, taken in connection with theaccompanying drawing in which: A

Figure 1 is a simplied vertical sectional view through a bottom castingapparatus and showing one form of baille means of my 'presentinvent'ionl positioned adjacent the outlets through which the moltenmetal enters the bottoms of the molds;

Figure 2 is a fragmentary perspective view of one of the baille 'membersand runner bricks shown in Figure l; and

Figures 3 to 6, inclusive, are perspective views showing modified formsof baille members embodying the present'invention.

Referring to the drawing, the reference character I0 indicates a castingbase which may be of a size to accommodate a number of ingot molds II.These molds II are open at the bottom and rest upon the base I 0. Themolds II have side walls I2 .and may be closed at the top by top walls.I3,l although this may, of course, vary.

The runner comprises bricks I 4 and I5 of refractory or other suitablematerial; these bricks I4 and I5 extendingin a channel in the base I0.

The bricks I4 and I5 enclose or define the run- 1 ner passageway I6. Oneend of each brick I4 and I5V preferably has an annular ange I1 (shown indetail in Figure 6)- which ts into a corresponding recess I8 (shown indetail in Figures 2 to 5 inclusive) in the adjacent end of the nextbrick. The riser I9, which may be formed of or lined with refractorymaterial, has a vertical passageway 20 fromthe lower end of which themolten metal is delivered into the runner passageway I6. The upper endof the riser I9 is shown as having a funnel 2| into which the moltenmetal is introduced, as well understood in theY art.

Each runner brick I5 has an outlet opening 22 preferably positioned atthe center of the adjacent mold II. These openings 22 form outlets ornozzles through which the molten metal is delivered from the runner intothe respective molds. While twovmolds II are shown in the drawing, it isto be understood that there may, within the scope of the presentinvention, be only one mold, or there may be additional molds withsuitable outlets 22 forthe respective molds.

The baille member shown in Figures 1 and 2 is the preferred for-m ofbaille mem-ber due to its simplicity of fabrication. It comprises abai-- fie lmember 24 of inverted generally troughshaped form. Theparticular member 24 shown in the drawing is of inverted U-shaped form,but it is to be understood that it' may be generally V-shaped or ofother form within the scopev of the present invention. The 'dependinglegs" 2,5 of the baille member 24 straddle the brick I5, the sides ofwhich ber 24 open at 30 into the interior of the mold I l.

In operation, the ingots are teemed by introducing the molten metal intothe funnel 2i. The metal passes downwardly through the riser passageway20 and flows through the runner passageway I6 from where it rushes orpasses upwardly through the outlet openings 22 into thebottoms of therespective molds il. The baffle member 24 eiectively deilects thevmolten metal as it enters the mold; thereby preventing splashing of themetal on the sides of the mold and the deleterious effects of suchsplashing.

Moreover, with the baille members of the present invention, the moltenmetal is permitted to enter the mold at full velocity or at any otherdesired speed suitable for securing satisfactory results and without thenecessity of dribbling the metal into the mold at reduced velocity toform a bottom cushion before permitting full ilow of the molten metal.As a result, a greater number of heats can be obtained and betterpouring practice is possible. Not only is splashing of the metal on thesides of the mold, where it solidies and produces imperfections in thesurface of the ingot, prevented, but by eliminating the necessity ofpouring at reduced velocity or teeming too slowly greater flexibilityand control are secured over the temperature at which the ingots areteemed and the rate of rise of the molten metal in the molds. Properrate of pouring, also proper temperature, and avoidance of splashing areimportant features in casting satisfactory ingots.

The baille members 24 are preferably formed of a metal which is notimmediately melted by the molten metal but is subsequently fused intothe ingot as the pouring proceeds. While the subsequent fusing of themetal baille member into the ingot is important and is covered by theappended claims, it is to be understood that this may vary widely withinthe broader aspects of the invention.

The modied form of baille member indicated at 24a in Figure 3 has legs25a straddling the baille brick |a, the sides of which are shown asscarred at 26a, as previously described. In this form of the inventionthe baille member has integral walls 32 extending transversely betweenthe legs 25a and overlying the brick l5a with the outlet 22a positionedbetween the walls 32. The legs 25a have openings 34 for the delivery ofthe molten metal into the mold from between the transversely extendingwalls 32. The inverted bottom portion, which is the top portion 28a asviewed in the drawing. is supported in position overlying and spacedabove the outlet 22a.

In the modification shown in Figure 4, the upper surface or the runnerbrick |5b has parallel grooves 36 spaced apart, with the outlet 22hpositioned between these grooves. The U-shaped baille member 24h isdisposed in inverted position with the widths of the legs 25D of thebaille member directed transversely of the brick and supported in thegrooves 36 to support the inverted bottom 28h of the U in positionoverlying and spaced above the outlet 22h.

In the modified form of the invention as shown in Figure 5, the U-shapedform of the baille member 24c is arranged crosswise of the top of therunner brick |50 as in Figure 4. In this case, the lower end of thedepending leg 38 rests on the top of the brick I5c, and the lower end ofthe other depending leg 3 9 terminates in an integral angular part 40having a top portion resting on the top of the brick and a flangedepending downwardly at substantially right laigles thereto and alongthe side of the brick In the modiilcation shown in Figure 6, theU-Shaped form of the baille member 24d is also arranged crosswise of thetop of the brick 15d, as in Figure 4. In thislcase the lower end of thedepending leg 38 terminates in a flange 42 which extends out at rightangles to the leg 38 and rests on the top of the brickff |5d. At oneside of the brick 15d the flange 42 has an integral downturned flange 43extending downwardly at right angles thereto and along the side of thebrick I5d. The other leg 39' has a ilange 45 corresponding with theflange 42, and this flange 45 terminates at the opposite side of thebrick I5d in a downturned flange 46 corresponding with the ilange 43.

I do not intend to be limited to the precise details or to the preciseadaptation of the invention shown and described, as variations in thedetails and other adaptations of the invention are contemplated withinthe scope of the appended claims.

Iclaim:

1. In ingot casting apparatus of the class wherein a. runner brick has arunner passageway provided with an outlet for delivering molten metalinto the mold from the bottom, the combination with said apparatus ofbaille means comprising a baille member of inverted generallytrough-shaped form having depending side portions straddling said runnerbrick and supporting the inverted bottom of the trough in positionoverlying and spaced above said outlet, with the space between said sideportions opening into the interior of the mold.

2. In ingot casting apparatus of the class wherein a runner brick has arunner passageway provided with an outlet for delivering molten metalinto the mold from the bottom, the combination with said apparatus of agenerally U- shaped baille member disposed in inverted position with thelegs of said member straddling said runner brick and supporting theinverted bottom of the U in position overlying and spaced above saidoutlet.

3. In ingot casting apparatus of the class wherein a runner brick has arunner passageway provided with an outlet for delivering molten metalinto the mold from the bottom, the combination with said apparatus of abaille member having legs straddling said runner brick and supporting abaille portion in position overlying and spaced above said outlet, saidbaille member having walls extending transversely between said legs andoverlying said brick with said outlet situated between said walls, thelegs of said baille member having openings therein for delivery of themolten metal into the mold from between lsaid transversely extendingwalls.

4. Apparatus for bottom pouring metal ingots, comprising, incombination, a runner brick having a runner passageway provided with anoutlet for delivering molten metal into the mold from the bottom, saidrunner brick having parallel grooves in its upper surface spaced apartand and a generally U-shaped bale .member disposed in inverted positionwith the widths of the legs of said member directed transversely of saidbrick and supported in said grooves to support the inverted bottom ofthe U in position overlying and spaced above said outlet.

`5. In ingot casting apparatus of the class wherein a runner brick has arunner passageway provided with an upwardly opening outlet fordelivering molten metal into the mold froml the bottom, the combinationwith said apparatus of baille means comprising a baille member ofinverted generally trough-shaped form having depending side portionsanchored to said runner passageway and adaptedto support the invertedbottom of the trough in a predetermined position overlying and spacedabove said outlet.

6. In ingot casting apparatus, including a mold having a bottom with anupwardly directed outlet for delivering molten metal into the mold, thecombination with said apparatus of a xed baille member of -fusible metalattached to the bottom of the mold and occupying only that por-v tionthereof adjacent said outlet, said-balile member having a closed topsection and open sides whereby splashing is minimized and the upwardlyowing molten metal is deflected to flow laterally into the mold throughsaid open sides.

WILBUR. ALAN SAYLOR.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the 456,933lI Great Britain NOV. 18, 1936

